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Historical Archive: Monks, Nuns, Regular Canons, Hermits, Friars, Abbesses, and Abbots Does not include Saint Francis or the Dominican Thomas Aquinas, who have their own pages. See also the hermit saints Anthony the Great and Mary of Egypt, in Christian iconographic index. hermit monk (Symeon the Elder or Symeon the Younger) with monk on ladder, 5th-6th c. Syria, basalt, SMBByz 9/63, which has its own page Christ w. Abbot Mena, encaustic, Bawit, 8th c., Louvre E 11565, X 5178. For detail see Louvre. tonsured figures: Altheus Reliquary 772-814, Diocesan Museum Sion. This work has its own page with more such figures. Gellone Sacramentary, c.780-800, BN Lat 12048, which has its own page liturgical scenes, ivory, c.870-75? Louvre MR 368, MR 369. This work has its own page. seal matrix of Abbot Theodulf, crystal intaglio (unengraved obverse) gilded on reverse, c.883-915, Halberstadt, cathedral treasury 46. For the reliquary setting see Halberstadt. tonsured figure: Norpertus seal, agate intaglio, late 9th-early 10th c., Florence MA 15060 (246). For another view and modern impression see Florence MA. hermit monk: lead token of St. Symeon Stylites the Younger, 10th-11th c. Syria, SMBByz 32/73, which has its own page prob. John Philagathos, abbot of Nonantola: Otto and Theophano ivory, Italy 982-83, Cluny Cl.392, which has its own page St. Benedict (abbot): Basel antependium, gold and gems on wood, early 11th c., Cluny Cl. 2350. This work has its own page. Abbot Peter and monk Munius, Spain 1060-80, ivory with glass from St. Aemilian reliquary, Hermitage Ф-2907 monk: Abdinghof portable altar, 1115-30, DMP PR50, which has its own page capital with ?abbot, Saint-Denis basilica crypt, 1140-44, which has its own page. cowled monk (top): ivory cross, c.1150-60, Cloisters 63.12, which has its own page. monk lower right: Gunhild cross, walrus ivory, c.1150-75, NMD 9087, which has its own page Canon/Cellarer Bruno, d.1197-1200, sandstone. For view on wall see Hildesheim funerary monuments. abbot or bishop: Chartres cathedral, nave and apse before 1210-c.1220. For more views see Chartres. monk: ambulatory window 1213-20 of Canterbury Cathedral, whose glass has its own page. Franciscan friars with Francis: Bonaventura Berlinghieri 1235, St. Francis, which has its own page with many friars Abbot of San Donato Ghiffollino Nazi, biccherna by Dietisalvi di Speme, Siena 1282, MFAB 2. MFAB biccherne have their own page. friar Tommasino, treasurer: biccherna with a friar of the Humiliati, Siena 1296, MFAB 3. MFAB biccherne have their own page. friars: Madonna of the Franciscans, Duccio c.1300, tempera and gold on wood 23.5 x 16 cm, SPN 20 seal of the Order of Cîteaux (modern cast), c.1300-50, AN B1540. For detail see AN. founder Agnes, Abbess Margaretha II von Schöningen (1302-17), Provost Dietrich von Prome (1309-15/16): frescoes 1309-16, Kloster Wienhausen, which has its own pages Clarissan nun: Queen Sancia. Madonna and Child, marble, Tino di Camaino c.1335, NGA 1960.5.1. This work has its own page. abbess with nobles: Kloster Wienhausen nuns' choir, painted c.1335, which has its own page monks with with bishop, chanters (naos): Dečani monastery frescoes, 1335-47, which have their own pages Dominican St. Dominic: Cappella Strozzi di Mantova, Florence, Nardo di Cione 1354-57, which has its own page with more Dominicans abbots: Karlstejn Castle, Chapel of the Holy Cross c.1360-65, which has its own page Augustinian hermits: Arca di Sant' Agostino, 1362-aft. 1409, Pavia. This work has its own page with bishops, cardinals, monks, popes, acolytes, and prior. SS Anthony of Padua and Francis (and Dominic?): Baptistery, cathedral of Padua, 1376 frescoes: Giusto de' Menabuoi. This work has its own pages. Abbess Anna of St. Benedetto in Padua, in wimple and dark veil, observer at miracles of Christ: Baptistery, cathedral of Padua, 1376 frescoes: Giusto de' Menabuoi. This work has its own pages with more examples. hermit, priest St. Jos (Josse, Judoc) with rosary, late 14th c., lead alloy, prob. fr. Saint-Josse-sur-Mer, France, MoL SWA81[0]<965> cleric, badge on reliquary, wood and tin alloy, late 14-early 15th c., Tournai ND. This work has its own page. Marie de Bourbon, pioress of St. Louis de Poissy (d.1402), black and white marble, early 15th c., Louvre R.F. 3050. This work has its own page. Provost Eckhard I von Hanensee, d. 1405, brass, HildMus G12 Madonna of Mercy, Giovanni di Agnolo di Balduccio c.1414, fresco, Arezzo MS. For full work see Arezzo Museums. Franciscan friar with St. Francis receiving stigmata, Jan van Eyck 1430-32, oil on vellum on panel, PMA cat. 314. For view with frame see PMA. Cistercian nun with St. Bernward of Hildesheim, paper, Wienhausen, c.1450-1500, WienMus SS Bernard of Clairvaux, Bernardo Tolomei: Filippo Lippi, Coronation of the Virgin panel, Marsuppini altarpiece, 1450s, Vat. loan to Arezzo MS. For full work with St. Benedict see Arezzo Museums. Franciscan St. Bernardino of Siena: Giovanni di Paolo 1453, St. Nicholas polyptych, SPN inv. 173, which has its own page with St. Louis Bishop of Toulouse in Franciscan habit St. Clare of Assisi (abbess): Giovanni di Paolo 1453, St. Nicholas polyptych, SPN inv. 173, which has its own page Provost Eckhard II von Hanensee, d. 1460, tin bronze, HildMus G15. For detail see Hildesheim funerary monuments. Franciscan friars, Dominican friar St. Peter Martyr: Giovanni di Paolo 1460-65, Last Judgment, SPN inv. 172, which has its own page Benedictine and Cistercian monks: Giovanni di Paolo 1460-65, Last Judgment, SPN inv. 172, which has its own page with more Cistercians canon Georges Molitor on his deathbed, c.1470. Sion, Valère basilica, which has its own interior page with more views St. Margaret and abbess. Saint Martha's hand reliquary from the convent of St Martha of Venice, silver gilt, Giovanni Leon, Venice 1472-74, Louvre OA 5641. This work has its own page. Cistercian St. Bernard of Clairvaux with dogs, parchment, Wienhausen late 15th c., WienMus Canon and Archdeacon Eckhard III von Hanensee, brass, 1494, HildMus G16. For other views see Hildesheim funerary monuments. reliquary of a Benedictine nun, prob. Saint Scholastica, wood with paint and gilding, north France or south Netherlands c.1500, PMA 1996-66-1 Franciscan friar at Stigmatization of St. Francis, copper engraving on paper, Netherlandish c.1500, WienMus St. Giles (hermit) with a deer, oil on panel c.1500, LNGA, which has its own page with another St. Giles panel bishop or abbot: linden wood w. polychromy, Tilman Riemenschneider/Hans Backoffen c.1500, SF 46.8.1, which has its own page Canon Dietrich von Alten (d. 1502), bronze or brass, attrib. Peter Vischer der Ältere, HildMus G20. For other views see Hildesheim funerary monuments. Canon Bruno von Alten, sandstone/black material in inscription, 1518, HildMus G21 Canon Arnold Freitag (d.1546), sandstone, upper panel, HildMus G25 wall: Feats of the Monastic Recluses, mid 16th c., Moscow Annunciation Cathedral, which has its own page Charlemagne gives his sword and orb to a king of France under the auspices of a Benedictine monk of St-Denis, oil on canvas, 17th c., MAHSD 83.13.01 St. Anthony of Padua (Franciscan), post 16th-c. painting (1624?), Sant'Apollinare Nuovo, Ravenna. This monument has its own page. Augustinian in prayer, 17th c.?, Lille, Hospice Comtesse companion of Francis: Stigmatization of St. Francis, tapestry, c.1600-50, Ypres, which has its own page St. Gabra Manfas Qeddus (hermit, left): Ethiopian double diptych pendant, late 17th c., StLouis 12:2016, which has its own page Charles Guillot, Carmelite nuns in the Infirmary, oil on canvas 18th c., MAHSD Abbess Julie de Jésus, wax and cloth, 18th c. Carmelite abbey of Saint-Denis, MAHSD. For detail see MAHSD. monks: ambulatory window 1919-49 of Canterbury Cathedral, whose glass has its own page with more examples.